Near the Croatian island of Korčula in the Adriatic Sea there is a submerged body of water called Soline. At a depth of 4 to 5 meters under this water there is a 4 meter wide paved road connecting the two islands of Korčula and Soline. Soline Island is an artificial island and also a Neolithic relic.

Archaeological research has confirmed that this Neolithic stone road has a history of 7,000 years. It was discovered by an archaeological team led by Professor Mate Parica of the University of Zadar in Croatia. When Professor Mate Parica and his colleagues dived into the waters of this area to conduct observations, they discovered the wall of Soline – an ancient settlement located on the seabed, this settlement is connected to Korčula island by a long narrow stone road.

The Croatian island of Korčula is part of the Adriatic archipelago. It was initially linked to mainland Europe, but at the end of the Ice Age (12,000 BC), sea levels began to rise and the island became separated from mainland Europe about 8,000 years ago.

The reason this Stone Age passage has been preserved for thousands of years is because the special geographical environment here has protected it from erosion by ocean waves. Professor Parica said, “Fortunately, unlike much of the Mediterranean, this area is not subject to high waves, the numerous islands have protected the coast making this monument protected from strong waves.”

The content of this archaeological discovery was shared on the Facebook account of Zadar University on May 7.

In addition to the island of Korčula in the Adriatic Gulf, there is another island called Hvar nearby. Scientists believe that this prehistoric road may have been built by a village belonging to the “Hvar culture” (Hvar-Lisičići) that sank to the bottom of the sea.

On the other hand, Research Director Igor Borzić noticed strange structures in the Adriatic Gulf and conducted a survey of several islands near Gradina Bay in Croatia. He discovered that Gradina Bay had a common depth of 4 to 5 meters and also exists villages similar to Soline. They also found Neolithic tools at the site, including cutting blades, stone axes, and fragments of cult objects, etc.

Those items led archaeologists to believe that the settlement also had a “Hvar culture.” After carbon-14 dating of wooden blocks found at the Soline settlement, they discovered that the entire village could be dated to around 4,900 BC, after which sea levels rose. high and flooded the island and these paved roads.

Historians and archaeologists are now speculating that during the Neolithic period, the people of Hvar may have established trade routes with the eastern coast of the Mediterranean. Due to its central location on the Adriatic Sea, the island of Soline has long been an important commercial base of the Mediterranean. The unique ceramic culture of this region created the “Hvar culture.”

India’s Harappa civilization mysteriously disappeared

In India, there also existed a prosperous Harappa civilization but it disappeared about 3,600 years ago. Through the stalagmites in the cave, experts speculate that there were many prolonged droughts in the Indus River basin about 4,200 years ago, which was the cause of the disappearance of this civilization. Their research was published in the journal “Communications Earth & Environment” in early April this year.

Previous studies have shown that the “Harappa Civilization” belonged to the Bronze Age and flourished in the northwest of South Asia, further spreading throughout the Indus basin, covering parts of Pakistan, India India and Afghanistan today. This civilization possessed the earliest urban culture, including complete water supply and wastewater treatment systems, magnificent structures, sophisticated tools, as well as the mathematics and technology that made Modern people must be amazed.

However, there are many unsolved mysteries about the “Harappa civilization,” including its language, social and political structure, as well as the real reasons for its decline and disappearance. Additionally, the civilization’s language and writing have yet to be deciphered, making its history and culture difficult to fully explain.

Scientists studied layers of stalagmites growing in a cave about 290 miles northeast of New Delhi, India. They measured a series of environmental tests, including oxygen, carbon and calcium isotopes, to map rainfall, reconstructing historical patterns of rainfall and climate change going back 4,200 years. They also used highly accurate dating to measure the duration of the drought.

The results the researchers obtained were that there were “three major drought periods” between 4,200 and 3,900 years ago. Although they were not major droughts lasting 100 to 200 years, each drought was similar. maintained for about 25 to 90 years.

Ms. Alena Giesche, the lead author of this study, told Cambridge University news channel: “Archaeological evidence shows that during more than 200 years of drought, ancient inhabitants took many different measures. each other to adapt to this situation.”

Made by Ngo Thuy Xuong

Translated by Toan Phong

You can refer to the original version from Epoch Times in Chinese